Device Closure Procedure ASD PDA
Device closure is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat congenital heart defects such as Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). These conditions involve abnormal openings in the heart that can cause complications like heart failure, arrhythmias, or pulmonary hypertension if left untreated. The procedure involves placing a specialized device to seal the defect without open-heart surgery.
ASD in Nagpur
An Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a hole in the atrial septum, the wall that separates the left and right atria. This defect allows oxygen-rich blood to mix with oxygen-poor blood, causing increased workload on the heart and lungs.
PDA in Nagpur
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is a condition where the ductus arteriosus, a fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the aorta, fails to close after birth. This results in abnormal blood flow between the two arteries.
Indications for ASD Closure
- Large ASD causing symptoms such as breathlessness, fatigue, or palpitations
- Evidence of right heart enlargement
- Pulmonary hypertension due to excess blood flow
- Prevention of stroke caused by paradoxical embolism
ASD Device Closure Procedure
Preparation
- The patient is given local or general anesthesia.
- A catheter is inserted into a blood vessel (usually in the groin).
Device Placement
- The catheter is guided to the heart using fluoroscopy and echocardiography.
- A closure device (like an Amplatzer Septal Occluder) is positioned across the ASD.
- The device expands on both sides of the septum, sealing the hole.
Confirmation & Completion
- The position of the device is confirmed via imaging before releasing it.
- The catheter is removed, and the procedure is completed.
Post-Procedure Care
- Hospital Stay: Usually 24-48 hours
- Medications: Blood thinners (Aspirin or Clopidogrel) for a few months
- Follow-ups: Regular echocardiograms to monitor device position
- Activity Restrictions: Avoid strenuous activities for a few weeks
Indications for PDA Closure
- Moderate to large PDA with symptoms (breathlessness, poor growth in children)
- Risk of endocarditis (infection of the heart lining)
- Heart failure or pulmonary hypertension
PDA Device Closure Procedure
Preparation
- The procedure is performed under local or general anesthesia.
- A catheter is inserted through the femoral vein or artery.
Device Placement
- The catheter is guided into the ductus arteriosus.
- A coil or occluder device (such as Amplatzer Duct Occluder) is placed to block blood flow through the PDA.
Confirmation & Completion
- Device positioning is confirmed using angiography.
- Once securely in place, the device is released.
Post-Procedure Care
- Hospital Stay: Typically 24 hours
- Medications: Blood thinners may be prescribed for a short period
- Follow-ups: Regular check-ups with echocardiograms
- Activity Restrictions: Avoid heavy exercise for a few weeks
Advantages of Device Closure Over Surgery
Adopt a Heart-Healthy Diet
Eat more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while reducing salt, sugar, and unhealthy fats.
Engage in Regular Physical Activity
Follow a structured exercise plan, including walking, stretching, and cardiac rehabilitation exercises.
Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol
Smoking damages blood vessels, and excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure.
Manage Stress Effectively
Practice relaxation techniques like meditation, deep breathing, and yoga to reduce stress levels.
Take Medications as Prescribed
Follow the doctor’s instructions for medications like blood thinners, cholesterol-lowering drugs, and blood pressure control.
Maintain a Healthy Weight
Keep a balanced weight through proper diet and exercise to reduce strain on the heart.